Tchaikovsky album for the young

148 years ago, the world-famous composer, teacher, conductor and music critic, a comprehensively developed man who left an incredible legacy in music - Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born. A subtle psychologist, a master symphonist, a musical playwright, Tchaikovsky revealed the inner world of man in music, created the highest examples of operas, ballets, symphonies, chamber works.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Bio

Peter was born on May 7, 1840 in the village of Votkinsk, located on the territory of modern Udmurtia. His father is engineer Ilya Petrovich Tchaikovsky. The mother of the future famous composer was Alexandra Andreevna Assier, who studied at the School of Female Orphans shortly before her father's death. Alexandra Andreevna was trained in literature, geography, arithmetic, rhetoric and foreign languages. In general, music was often played in Tchaikovsky's house - his parents were fond of playing the piano and organ. And Pyotr Ilyich himself was already able to play the piano at the age of five, and three years later he played the notes excellently. From childhood, the young talent was instilled with culture and the ability to absorb knowledge - his younger years were spent in a large house with servants, under a garrison of one hundred Cossacks. Nobles, young people from the capital, English engineers and other honorable personalities often looked into this house - Pyotr Ilyich was interested in their manners, their behavior and their preferences. But most of all he was interested in music... Music has always been a welcome guest in the parental home of Pyotr Ilyich. There was even an orchestra (mechanical organ) and a grand piano in the Tchaikovsky house - the young musician took lessons on these instruments from serf Marya Palchikova, who had a good command of musical literacy. It is worth noting that another hobby of the young Tchaikovsky was poetry. But Peter stayed on the estate only until he was 9 years old - in 1849 his large family moved to Alapaevsk, and then to St. Petersburg. There, the eldest sons were assigned to the Schmelling boarding school.

Album for the young

In St. Petersburg, Pyotr Ilyich continued to study music, and also became more familiar with ballet, opera and the symphony orchestra. However, his parents did not consider music a serious profession - they dreamed that he would become a lawyer, so Tchaikovsky had to get a law degree. The young Pyotr Ilyich entered the Imperial School of Jurisprudence, located near the street now bearing the composer's name. Tchaikovsky's creativity during this period was manifested in elective music classes. After graduating from college in 1859, Tchaikovsky received the rank of titular adviser and began working in the Ministry of Justice. There he was engaged, most often, in conducting various peasant affairs. In his spare time, he visited the opera house, where he was strongly impressed by productions of operas by Mozart and Glinka. The music did not let go of the composer...

In 1861 he entered the Music Classes of the Russian Musical Society (RMO), and after their transformation in 1862 into the St. Petersburg Conservatory, he became one of its first students in the composition class. His teachers at the Conservatory were Nikolai Ivanovich Zaremba (music theory) and Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein (orchestration). At the insistence of the latter, he quit the service and devoted himself entirely to music. In 1865, he graduated from the Conservatory course with a large silver medal, having written a cantata on Schiller's ode To Joy.

It was created for the Russian translation of Friedrich Schiller's ode of the same name. The musicians of St. Petersburg were badly impressed by the cantata. The critic Caesar Cui expressed himself particularly sharply, saying that Tchaikovsky was extremely weak as a composer, and also accusing him of conservatism. And this despite the fact that for Pyotr Ilyich music was freedom, and his idols were Borodin, Mussorgsky, Balakirev - composers who did not recognize authorities and rules.

In 1866, the composer moved to Moscow at the invitation of his mentor's brother. Nikolai Rubinstein offered him a job as a professor at the Moscow Conservatory.

In 1868, the young but already self-confident composer first appeared in print as a music critic and met a group of St. Petersburg composers - members of the "Mighty Bunch". Despite the difference in creative views, friendly relations have developed between him and the "kuchkists". Tchaikovsky shows an interest in program music, and on the advice of the head of the Mighty Bunch, Milia Balakirev, he writes the fantasy overture "Romeo and Juliet" based on Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name (1869), and the critic V. V. Stasov suggested to him the idea of the symphonic fantasy "The Tempest" (1873). This is perfectly shown here IngoDance.com.